A 15-hour bus ride took me from San Jose in Costa Rica to Panama City in Panama, where the Miraflores Locks (one of the three sets of locks at the Panama Canal) is located at. The Panama Canal is an artificial 48-mile waterway that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. There are locks to raise ships up 85 feet from sea level to the lake, greatly reduced the excavation required for the canal.

France attempted to dig a sea-level canal in 1881 through what was then Colombia’s province of Panama. This project turned out to be too difficult due to the enormous amount of excavation needed. The work eventually stopped due to engineering problems, tropical diseases (malaria and yellow fever), and corruption. Panama declared separation from Colombia in 1903, and within two weeks signed a treaty for the US to build the canal. Realizing the tremendous value of Panama Canal as a strategic point for hemispheric military control, the US quickly took over the project in 1904, re-designed it as a lock-based canal, and opened the canal in 1914. After controlling the Canal Zone for almost a century, the US handed over the canal to Panama in 2000. Since then Panama has recovered full responsibility of the operation and management of the canal.

The Panama Canal is considered one of the most difficult engineering projects ever taken. The shortcut created by the canal greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy route around the southernmost tip of South America.

#Panama

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